Discussion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 111

Discussion - Essay Example Koch (2005) states that the solution to this problem is fairly simple. Open source technology must be supplement with vendor cost specifications. Java and Oracle 11g are two prime examples of this. They allow organizations to use free components of technology but also charge a cost for vendor specific solutions. Vendor specific solutions are much easier to use and require little or no knowledge of scripting.   MySQL and PHP are examples of applications that have resulted from the  open  source development  process. Furthermore, open source has been around and no correlations has been linked that dictates that developers’ rates have gone down. In essence, modifying code is still a rare skills that developers can thrive off. It is evident that the public actually profits from using  open  source  products, because using them can provide competition for proprietary software companies. It can also be used as a supplement in which the public can truly benefit from. Furthermore, Kock (2005) insists that Open source development should be propagated for because of cost implications, customization, and developing new technologies. It does not harm analysts and developers because those skills are still specialized skills. "Five ways to bring a more social, open development environment to your company | Opensource.com." How to get a more open development environment at work. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Aug. 2014.

Foreign investment decisions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Foreign investment decisions - Essay Example One specific example of this occurs in the Latin America and Caribbean-OECD Investment Initiative. It’s noted that this initiative aims to, â€Å"increase the contribution of private investment to economic and social development in Latin America and the Caribbean† ("Latin america and," 2011). This demonstrates that significant sums are being invested in this developing region through private infrastructure projects. Still, another prominent area where money from industrialized regions are entering emerging markets can be witnessed in investment opportunities offered by major banking entities. One of the predominant examples in this context occurs as the European Bank for Reconstruction offers an opportunity for individuals to invest in a number of potential emerging markets ("Introducing three new," 2011). There is a distinction between less developed and emerging markets. In this context of understanding, it’s noted that emerging markets are those that demonstrate a level of advancement in their economic structure throughout a variety of barometers. Conversely, less developed regions are those that have not yet achieve these stages of economic

Support Sector Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Support Sector - Coursework Example Some examples of these organizations include the faith-based organizations that offer support to the unfortunate through training, housing, food and provision of education (Paula, 2014). They also operate community health centers, afterschool programs for kids and care for the aged. Some organizations also engage in music and art to change lives of others. They train and nurture young talented people in music and art (Shauna, 2015). The key role of support organizations is to provide services to people. The services of each support organization are clearly determined by its mission and objectives. As a non-profit making organization, all the activities that Support organizations engage into are usually aimed to improve the welfare of the community they serve. Some of these organizations specialize in training of personnel, advocacy, activism and running of community-based projects. To manage these organizations in a good way, there is usually a need for one to understand their organizational structure, personnel management, environmental concerns, funds requirement, the organizations mission, as well as how the organization will be planned and evaluated. For purposes of communication channeling, organization structure should be done appropriately. This is done with a clear mission statement of the organization in mind. It should be well understood that there will be a requirement of funding to the organization. Therefore, issues dealing with fund collection and management will be very important. To manage the funds and the organization, there is a critical requirement of personnel; their selection and management will, therefore, become critical. To know how the organization is performing, there is also be a need for a proper planning and evaluation sector setup for the

Automatic Railway Level Crossing Essay Example for Free

Automatic Railway Level Crossing Essay Abstract: In the rapidly flourishing country like ours, accidents in the unmanned level crossings are increasing day by day. No fruitful steps have been taken so far in these areas. The objective of our project is to provide an automatic railway gate at a level-crossing replacing the gates operated by the gatekeeper. It deals with two things. Firstly, it deals with the reduction of time for which the gate is being kept closed. And secondly, it provides safety to the road users by reducing the accidents. By employing the automatic railway gate control at the level crossing the arrival of the train is detected by the sensors placed near to the gate and transmits the information to the gate controller via wired or wireless. Hence, the time for which it is closed is less compared to the manually operated gates. The operation is automatic i. e. , error due to manual operation is prevented. By employing the automatic railway gate control at the level crossing the arrival of train is detected by the sensor placed on either side of the gate at about 3km from the level crossing. Hence, the time for which it is closed is less compared to the manually operated gates and also reduces the human labour. This type of gates can be employed in an unmanned level crossing where the chances of accidents are higher and reliable operation is required. Since, the operation is automatic error due to manual operation will be prevented. Once the arrival of the train is sensed, the sensed signal is sent to the microcontroller via, wired or wireless transmission and it checks for possible presence of vehicle between the gates. Subsequently, buzzer indication and light signals on either side are provided to the road users indicating the closure of gates. Once, no vehicle is sensed in between the gate the motor is activated and the gates are closed. But, for the worst case if any obstacle is sensed it is indicated to the train driver by signals (RED) placed at about 1km, so as to bring it to halt well before the level crossing. When no obstacle is sensed GREEN light is indicated, and the train is to free to move. The departure of the train is detected by sensors placed at about 1km from the ate. The signal about the departure is sent to the microcontroller, which in turn operates the motor in reverse way and opens the gate. Thus, the time for which the gate is closed is less compared to the manually operated gates. Also reliability is high as it is not subjected to manual errors. Components : IR sensors or Vibration sensors, Microcontroller, L293D(driver IC), Stepper motor, Wireless Transmitter and Receiver, power supply. HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION Micro Controller Totally 40-pin DIP package manufactured with CMOS Technology. L293D (motor driver IC) Racially L293D 16DIP /ULN 2003 IC is used to drive the stepper motor. STEPPER MOTOR This is used to open and close the gates automatically when it is rotated clock wise or anticlockwise direction. Stepper motor requires 500m amps current, so use the L293D drivers to drive the stepper motor. SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION Keil By 1. B. BHARATH KUMAR REDDY – 113004045 2. P SAMBASIVA RAO – 113004161 3. T. RANGA VINOD KUMAR 113004207 4. T. SIVA NARAYANA REDDY 113004205

Wind Turbines Essay -- Energy, Kinetic Energy

Introduction: Wind turbines capture the energy of wind and transform it into kinetic energy that is then converted to electricity. Turbines are available in a range of sizes and designs and can either be free-standing, mounted on a building or integrated into a building structure (Pennycook, 2008). System types: There are basically two sorts of wind turbines: horizontal-axis design and vertical-axis design. Horizontal-axis wind turbines are the most common type used and can have various sizes. This type of turbine has a horizontal rotor shaft and generator usually located at the top of a tower. The propeller-type blades are used to capture wind thus are oriented into the wind, for instance for small turbines a wind vane is used, or if it is a larger turbines a wind sensors will be used in conjunction with servomotors. A turbine system include the following: a rotor, or blades, which convert the wind’s energy into rotational shaft energy; a nacelle containing a drive train, usually including a gearbox ( some wind turbines can even work without the gearbox), a tower which is meant to support the rotor and the drive train. There is electronic equipment such as controls, electrical cables, ground support equipment, and inter-connection equipment (Pennycook, 2008). Fig 1: The following image shows the some components of a horizontal wind turbine. Source: (Alexander, 2008) Usually, vertical-axis turbines are known to have a rotor shaft oriented vertically. This eludes the necessity for a tower and the generator is located at ground level. It also has the advantage to have no need for a yaw mechanism in order to turn the rotor into wind. The principle disadvantages of vertical-axis turbines are that the efficiencies are lowe... ...enerates 1 to 5KW (kilowatts) of energy. However if the development is outside a covered or off-grid area where it will depend only to wind turbine for power, that will increase the needs intensely (Cooper, 2010). In sizing wind turbine for a dwelling, first of all you determine how much energy you need to supply for your home. There is another option which is to use an energy calculator; there is one that is on the website: www.thesolarguide.com . This demonstrates how you obtain the total kilowatt hours you need. According to the American Wind Energy Association, homes use approximately 9,400 kilowatt-hours (KWh) of electricity per year (about 780Kwh per month). To make a substantial contribution in order to meet the demand depending on the average wind speed in the area, a wind turbine rated in the range of 5 to 15 kilowatts would be needed (Cooper, 2010).

Workplace Injuries And Fatalities In The Uk Industry Construction Essay

Hazard is an of import factor which must see before get downing any sort of work either it is in any administration, place or related to any building, consideration of hazard is an of import portion of work, In this study all the parts are covered sing hazards consideration, analysis of hazard and so how to safe our work topographic point from these accidents, hurts and human deaths. There are different degree of hazards some are low degree hazard, which are less unsafe than other, but we besides start consideration from really low degree hazard to high degree hazard, from these consideration we are able to safe our full work topographic point with quiet efficient manner. This reports covers statistical tendencies of last five old ages for hurts and human deaths, prosecutions for failures to put on the line appraisals, it besides covers the benefits of hazard appraisal either it is effectual or non. It describes the linkage between the hazard appraisal and safety betterments. After completion of this study we are able to implement proper and accurate hazard appraisal in administration, which help us to cut down the hazard and better the overall efficiency of the industry. Injuries and human deaths are recorded daily in every sector of work. In the concern and corporate sector wellness and safety safeguard are implement for bar of accidents in the industries, nevertheless at some certain state of affairs they are fail to safe the employers which are working. These guidelines put under enormous strain to the employers. Such as enforcement of jurisprudence, direction of fire, building, public-service corporations, excavation, Injuries related in transit occupation, retail and nutrient service are non minimized. There are figure of hurts which may be go on during work, such as cut, break, sprain, amputation or other hurt that consequences an accident in work or exposure in the work environment, harmonizing to the council of national safety. Injuries at workplace should be reported harmonizing to the process of employer ‘s wellness and safety to enter the accident and to guarantee there is no hold in the first assistance or medicine attending. If there is fail to make so may ensue compensations publish provide to employers.Statisticss and Tendencies in UK Workplace Injuries and FatalitiesThese statistics cover which are related to work human deaths that are reportable under the Reporting of Injuries, Diseases & A ; Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 1995 ( RIDDOR ) , and are updated on a quarterly footing. A effect of supplying item that is updated as possible, there are many of instances are still in the probe. Therefore on the footing of probationary these statistics are available but it may be demand of alteration for more accurate information releases. In these statistics as they are reported under the some statute law, but some deceases are non included in this statute law. Some deceases are excluded from these statistics as they are reportable under other statute law. The chief exclusions are as follows: Accidents involved during the traveling of workers on main roads. Such as a route accident, accidents which are occurred during the worker traveling by air or ships in sea, are non covered by this statute law, these incidents are the duty of ACI subdivision and MAI subdivision, and cover harmonizing to their regulations. Fatal hurts at work due to ‘natural causes ‘ , normally bosom onslaughts or shots, unless brought on by injury due to the accident.Main industryAgricult-ureExtractive & A ; public-service corporation supplyManufacturingConstructionServicessAll IndustriesEmployees1706222935109Self employed21–02120742Workers*3806244142151Members of the populace0701–04381393Entire human deaths450724454235442.2.1. Numbers of fatal hurtsTable 1: fatal hurts Numbers by Sector for 2009/10This tabular array demo the information on the fatal hurts for last twelvemonth 01 April 2009 to 31 March 2010.2.2.2. Regional dislocationThis tabular array incorporate the informa tion of dislocation of the fatal hurts to worker regional wise.Government Office Region ( GOR )All IndustriesSouth West18South East14London11East8East Midlands13West Midlands10Yorkshire22North West19North East3Cymrus7Scotland23Not known3Entire151Table 2 – Numbers of fatal hurts to workers broken down by Government Office Region 2009/102.2.3. Injuries and Fatalities related to work in fabrication industriesThere are figure of accidents occurred in the fabrication industries, due to lake of staff and avoiding of safety regulations which used in industries for the safety of workers, In Britain work force, there are 9 % of fabrication histories but hurts reported 16 % , human deaths reported 21 % , major 15 % , 16 % is the norm of over three twenty-four hours inquires ) . Harmonizing to the study of LFS, 13 % hurts occurred are non fatal hurts in fabricating industries in 2008-2009. This is mean of last three old ages. There are besides reported hurts that involved contact with the machinery is about 160 instances in last twelvemonth, 24 % in the fabrication industries affecting detonations, 21 % , hit by traveling points, falling material, or fire and 19 % injured with the harmful things. Within Manufacturing, the bomber group recycling has a rate of reported major hurt over five times the rate for Manufacturing as a whole, while Wood & A ; Wood Products has about twice the rate ; each histories for about 4-5 % of reported major hurts in fabrication. In the nutrient Merchandises, drinks and Fabricated Metal Products have major incidents rates of 1.5 times that for all Manufacturing, but together history for 39 % of reported major hurts. The rate of fatal hurts has fallen since 1981 by over 57 % and by 15 % since 2000-2001, but this still means that 400 workers suffer hurts between 2000 and 20009-2010- 2096 since 1981. There have been similar decreases in major and over three twenty-four hours rates of 16 % and 37 % severally, since 2000/01 and 49 % in the LFS rates of hurt from 2000/01 to 2008/09.The estimated prevalence rate of self-reported work-related ailment wellness in 2009/10 was between 3A 000 per 100A 000 people ( 3.0 % ) working in the last 12 months, harmonizing to the Labour Force Survey ( LFS ) . The incidence rate of reportable non-fatal hurt was 970 per 100A 000 workers ( 0.97 % ) in 2008/09 ( three-year norm ) , based on the LFS. In 2009/10, the LFS showed that 2.4 million on the job yearss ( full-day equivalent ) were lost in this industry due to workplace hurt and work-related ailment wellness.3.0. Hazard AppraisalHazard appraisal is a procedure which is a portion of hazard direction, it assign comparative things which must be consider in planning and nidation of procedures.3.1. Background and overview:In modern epoch, everyplace increases the usage of modern equipments, engineer ings and developed information, and every one trust on these digital material. It can back up in our educational, research and development, disposal and industrial environment, although these engineerings and dependable and on other manus it increase the degree of duty to protect the assets of information from any sort of harm or accidents. Risk direction is the uninterrupted procedure from which we can place or noticed these sort of hazard and program which can be implementing to turn to them. It is really of import to understand and pull off decently, it gives us information that where to use these resources which are available. It helps us to extenuate hazard is control, effectual and efficient manner, it besides help us to cut down the cost and do it profitable There are following points which are of import to see. It should be thought of as an uninterrupted procedure, non as a one clip procedure, stairss are defined before the execution, it may be repeated, nevertheless it normally non repeated start up procedure. It must be coaction between the cross functional units, university carry oning a broad information hazard appraisal is a procedure which require relationship and strong committedness from higher disposal to local staff. The connexion is more of import in the appraisal. An effectual university information hazard appraisal needs to go a portion of the civilization of the university community, affecting non merely IT-staff but besides all staff, decision makers, module, and pupils. Education and consciousness attempts should be aimed at all of these constituenciesStairss involved in Risk Assessment1. Measure the possible impact of menaces to critical assets ( qualitative and/or quantitative ) 2. Measure the likeliness of happening of the menaces ( high, medium, low ) 3. Make a amalgamate analysis of hazards, based on the impact value to critical assets and the likeliness of happeningHazard Assessment in the Mining IndustryIn excavation industry there are assorted sort of hazards are involved, to avoid those hazards, we must implement the hazard appraisal procedure, for the appraisal there are five stairss are involved to place the hazards which help to protect workers and increase the efficiency of industry, there are five stairss are involved to buttockss, such as identify the jeopardies, than make up one's mind which 1 is harmed and how, measure the hazard and happen safeguards of that hazard, enter your determination and implement them and eventually you must reexamine your appraisal if update is require or non. Hazards and jeopardies come in many formats at a mine site: confined infinites, electrical, legal conformity, audit, mechanical, chemical, regulative conformity, force per unit area ( air, H2O, and gases ) , site security, noise, thermic, radiation, organic structure mechanics, biological and the ever-present force of gravitation. All of these must be understood and managed on a proactive footing to guarantee zero injury and sustainable development. Whether you ‘re the site GM or a functional overseer, understanding and pull offing hazards across your concern thrusts production, ensures the safety of your work force and lowers your costs. Guaranting your concern standardizes the ways it identifies and analyses hazards is a nucleus constituent of effectual hazard direction. Additionally, being able to drive duty and answerability for hazards across the site guarantee all hazards are suitably direction and mitigated.4.0. Hazard Assessment and Safety ImprovementsTo better the well ness safety system in any industry is a duty of direction that it must be after and implement a proper system of hazard appraisal and safety steps, These safety steps are aid to confront any accident which occur in the industry and prevent workers and machinery which is installed, For better hazard appraisal need proper be aftering. There are figure of stairss are involved to forestall or get the better of the hazards which may be bring forth during the procedure. It should cover all operations which are in the industries, such as cleansing and care activities, it may be reflect. The undermentioned diagram show the stairss of hazard appraisal. The diagram indicates where hazard appraisal tantrums within an administration and the assorted inputs and end products that surround this procedure. It should be clear that hazard appraisal is non an terminal in itself, but simply portion of a procedure to assist guarantee a safe and healthy workplace. Safety is one of the really of import portion of any organisation, without safety none of any concern met the challenges of the market, for the better processing or production the direction must implement the safeguard step for the employer safety, it increase the efficiency of the organisation and do net income. Environment become safe and healthy and employers work freely without taken any emphasis on head sing accidents incidents. Figure: Hazard Assessment in Organisation5.0. Reappraisals of AppraisalThe result of appraisal of hazard should be addressed harmonizing to the administration ‘s hazard direction policy and processs. The execution squad should reexamine the recommendations from the appraisal of planning and treatments, and agree whether to implement these appraisals of hazard as they stand or to modify these appraisals. The squad will besides necessitate to hold how they should be implemented. The identified jeopardies and the in agreement actions need to be placed either on the administration ‘s, or patterns, local hazard registry. After item reviews the squad decided to implement hazard appraisal in any administration to avoid accidents and jeopardies which are produced during the procedures. The squad responsible for behavior all safeguards which are necessary for the safety of employers which are working in these industries. They prepare a study for the all impacts and reappraisal in item than discuss with the direction after that they are eventually travel for the execution of hazard appraisal in the house.6.0. Document Control in Risk AssessmentThe purpose of papers control policy in the Risk Assessment is to guarantee all hazards are Identified and assessed decently and take safeguards to cut down the effects of hazards and safe the environment in administrations, A appraisal of hazard is depend on the different sort of signifiers which should be completed with information which is recorded in administration every bit much as possible. These signifiers will be used to put on the line come in the registry and after its completion the registry should send on to section of hazard. There are many parts of the signifier administration should clearly specified in the signifier. Name of individuals lending to the appraisal of hazard. Manager of the section is included in this exercising. A description of the hazard and the hazard evaluation or hazard mark, utilizing the likeliness and badness charts. A record of what is already in topographic point to command the hazard, or has been put in topographic point instantly. Actions which are necessary to further cut down the hazard. These actions need to be realistic and accomplishable. Date when hazard and action program will be reviewed, on the footing that the recommended action is implemented.Decision And RecommendationTo sum up all the facets of hazard appraisal, I conclude that nowadays there are different attacks can take for the analysis of hazard. It can be quantitative i.e. it can delegate figure of numeral values of chances and effects, qualitative or combination of two. A determination made against the analysis of hazard is really hard undertaking but by the execution of hazard appraisal tools is really easy to place and assesses the hazard in the industry. From the value of hazards predicted, helps us to implement hazard appraisal tool in the administration. The import thing is differentiation when it comes to using analysis of finance to determinations and their precedences. Analysis of Quantitative hazard is really expensive, bing up to ten times every bit much as qualitative analysis. Wide usage of hazard analysis tools in industries are progressively, there are figure of analysis which are soon increase quickly are fault tree analysis or failure manners and consequence analysis, to cut costs and to better dependability and safety. This study covers all the impacts and their appraisals in industries, it besides cover the last five twelvemonth tendencies for hurts and human deaths. This study helps us to how to implement the proper and exact hazard appraisal analysis in the industry.

Arrival of the Bee Box by Sylvia Plath Essay

Plath’s arrival of the Bee Box is a poem which depicts a box containing bees. In regards to this theme, it is not the only poem that Plath has approached bees as she wrote The Beekeeper’s Daughter. Additionally this poem can also be seen as a classical allusion to Pandora’s box as it concerns a feared object, which may cause destruction if opened. At first this box is looked upon with distrust, and possibly fear, as there is a lack of control of the contents of this box. However the speaker gradually rears itself to gain control or at least power in regards to the box and feels more confident about approaching it. Initially there is a sense of uncertainty about the nature of the box. It is first said to be a â€Å"clean wood box/square as a chair and almost too heavy to lift† (1-2). This is a clear and objective description of the box however a contradicting depiction of the box follows: it is said to be the â€Å"coffin of a midget/or a square baby† (3-4). These are images of distortion with references to death, which can leave a somewhat disturbing image of the box. This misshape is also found on the final line of the introductory stanza as Plath describes it as having â€Å"not such a din in it† (5), yet in the midst of claiming silence Plath introduces an assonance(â€Å"in†) giving the sentence an acoustic trait. This sense of uncertainty is quickly replaced by fear as Plath now becomes concerned with the box’s basic attributes, such as it being â€Å"locked† and â€Å"dangerous† (6). As such it allows her to introduce the theme of control; the speaker has indeed â€Å"ordered this† (1) box yet the box, once delivered, is considered unapproachable and to be a burden (â€Å"I have to live with it overnight† -7). As such the lack of control becomes clear and it may even be said that it is the box that has started taking ownership of the speaker. And this ownership is in the form of fascination, the speaker cannot stop from exploring the box (â€Å"There are no windows, so I can’t see what is in there† -9) despite the reasons not to do so. Overwhelmed by fascination, the speaker â€Å"puts her eye to the grid†(11). This reveals a box with reminiscent themes of African slavery. For example the speaker has â€Å"the swarmy feeling of African hands† (13). In addition to this there are references to slave trade (â€Å"shrunk for export†-14) and the theme of dislike of captivity is conveyed by placing the consonance of an â€Å"ll† sound in the last line: â€Å"black on black, angrily clambering†. This resonates the bees (and the slaves) want to escape their prison. Later on we also find this same assonance associated to unpleasant noise (â€Å"It is the noise that appalls me most of all,/The unintelligible syllables.†17-18). Also the use of assonance (â€Å"dark, dark†-12; â€Å"black on black†-15) achieves a similar effect and sustains this unease. The reference of slavery may be related to the Civil Rights movement in America in the 1960’s and it would be Plath’s way of conveying the cries for equality. Most important however are the threatening nature of these complaints which draw back into the theme of control and underline that the speaker still does not feel safe in regards to the box and its contents, especially as the content is alive and fervent. The speaker then ponders as to how to let the bees escape (16). However such a choice is not made as the threat of the bees build up. Firstly a buzzing sibilance,†It is the noise that appals me most of all† (17), echoes the presence of the bees but it also provokes confusion, destabilizing the speaker who becomes confused in regards to what the bees are trying to communicate with him (â€Å"The unintelligible syllables†-18). This lack of understanding can be understood as the bees are now even more threatening, they are now a â€Å"Roman mob† (19), a symbol of rebellion. In spite of the individual bee being harmless, it is the bee’s nature as a swarm that impresses the speaker: â€Å"Small, taken one by one, but my god, together!†(20). The next stanza provides the first hints that the speaker is finally in control of the situation. Firstly, the speaker â€Å"lay[s his] ear to furious Latin† conveying the need to understand the bees, something not previously achieved. But to be properly able to understand them, the speaker discards all the Roman associations, which could be a symbol of power over the speaker. This is done by declaring â€Å"I am not a Caesar† (22). However this statement is ambiguous in the sense that it contains a paradox as the speaker both mentions power, when the need for power is obvious, and yet denies wanting or having it. Regardless of this, the speaker does finally gain power over the bees. Such is achieved by the speaker announcing that â€Å"I have simply ordered a box of maniacs.†(23). Not only does the speaker finally settle as to what the box is (having previously been uncertain about it), but the concept of power grasp resonates by the use of â€Å"simply†, allowing to set aside any previous problems about this box and imposing the speakers interpretation on it. This leads to multiple statements about what the speaker can do with this newly realized power such as: â€Å"They can be sent back./They can die†(24-25). This leads to the culmination of this stanza with triumphant, yet dispassionate, assertion â€Å"I am the owner† (25). This statement chimes throughout this stanza due to the anaphora of â€Å"I† serving as a reminder of who is now in charge. Additionally the short and concise sentences present throughout this stanza act as orders, another way of displaying authority. This newly gained authority is enjoyed as the speaker now settles and starts musing about the bees:†I wonder how hungry they are† (26). Again we find an anaphora, but this time it is â€Å"I wonder† (26-27), which is one of the first clear clues for choice as they introduce hypothetical statements which rely on will to be realised. Following this Plath makes another of her classical allusions, this one being the Greek myth of Daphne. This allusion is done to represent the extent to which the speaker, relishing the newly unveiled power, is now dreaming about what could be achieved with the bees, as now an extra touch of magical realism is added to the poem. In this trail of thoughts, the speaker refers to the ability to transform into a blond tree, the colour of honey, so as to appease the bees. The speaker also hopes to be ignored by the bees, dressed in a â€Å"moon suit and a funeral veil† (32). In this statement we can interpret the moon suit to be the usual beekeeper’s suit, but more importantly the moon suit gives an imposing, and possibly bizarre, image of the speaker. Additionally we find again a reference to death sustaining the dark aspect of the poem. The specific reference to a funeral may imply that the speaker is now mourning over the chase for power with the bees. Irrespective of this, the speaker ceases day-dreaming and instead rationalizes that â€Å"I am no source of honey/So why should they turn on me?† (33-34). This provides a justification for setting the bees free without the fear of being attacked. In doing so the reader claims to be â€Å"sweet God†(35), which links back to the references of â€Å"I am not a Caesar†(22). Indeed both these statements refer to power, but both also display a nuance in regards to the kin d of power that should be gained; there is an attempt at the distinction between a tyrant and the image of a kind and respected leader, â€Å"The box is only temporary† (36). Such ends the poem. One of its first roles is to create a couplet with the â€Å"free â€Å"of the previous line. However this conclusive line also serves as a way of declaring that perhaps choice is finally in the speaker’s hands. However the statement does not give the speaker the choice not to open up the box, which is after all what the bees and later on the speaker want. As such Plath ends the poem ambiguously by not being clear as to whether or not there has been a definite success. Throughout this poem, Plath has dealt with the struggle for control with the bees. At first she panics but then manages to calm down and make a rational decision about what should be done. Panics and confusion are often caused by the bee’s buzzing which may allow us to suggest that she uses bees as a metaphor for scary thoughts, a kind of paranoia. Indeed the buzzing sound that reverbs would be an easy way to drive someone mad and thus paranoia is a good candidate for this metaphor. In fact, the bees having been ordered by the speaker, presumably Plath, we can say that Plath is dealing with a personal dilemma. This would be reminiscent of Plath’s life by 1960, wherein she had multiple cases of trauma and was in a state of mental decline. It can then be concluded that Arrival of the Bee Box is indeed confessional poetry.

The Historical Inaccuracies of Gangs of New York essays

The Historical Inaccuracies of Gangs of New York essays Martin Scorsese's Gangs of New York is a film that shows the squalor of the worst slum in New York City in the mid 1800's, Five Points. With ten Oscar nominations, it is arguably one of the greatest historical movies to date (Koban). But just how historically accurate is it? While some people think the movie does a great job of depicting the time period, historians say it lacks authenticity. This paper will discuss Scorsese's historical inaccuracies in the cinema. Two of the major settings in the movie were historically inaccurate. The opening scene contains a setting that is a massive catacomb like structure that has hundreds of people draped in rags with skulls and bones lying on the floor and other horrible conditions. But this structure couldn't have existed during the time period because Five Points was built on the site of the filled in Collect Pond (Snyder).The ground wouldn't have been stable enough to have such a structure exist. The other setting that adds to the historical inaccuracy is the building named The Old Brewery. The Old Brewery is depicted as a tenement house with wide open spaces to house immigrants. It is also used as the headquarters for Amsterdam Vallon's Dead Rabbits, the protagonist's gang. Even the screenwriter for the movie, Jay Cocks says the setting in the movie is merely what they imagined it would have looked like rather than being based on historical accuracy (Andbinder and Cocks). The catacombs and their th ousands of inhabitants in the movie were used by Scorsese to show how overcrowded the slums were during the time period. They were also used to depict the living conditions of the new immigrants, even if they were more dramatized in the movie than in real life (Chamberlin). The most interesting and inaccurately depicted character of the movie was the antagonist Bill the Butcher played by Daniel Day-Lewis. Bill the Butcher is based on an actual butcher from the period named Bill Poole (Wu). Bil...

Building organisational culture that encourages innovation in Higher Institutions in the UK The WritePass Journal

Building organisational culture that encourages innovation in Higher Institutions in the UK Introduction Building organisational culture that encourages innovation in Higher Institutions in the UK IntroductionLITERATURE REVIEWLITERATURE REVIEW: ON MAIN THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKLITERATURE ON THE CHOSEN SECTORRESEARCH METHODOLOGYMETHODS OF ANALYSISNG PRIMARY DATAETHICAL CONSIDERATIONSREFERENCESRelated Introduction The motive for researching this topic is to examine how the way of doing things in an organisation influences innovation from the perception of education. Organisational culture is a very essential determinant of the employees’ behaviour in an organisation and encompasses what the core strengths of an organisation are and what has worked well in the past. It influences how innovative individuals or groups of people are in an organisation. Every organisation that exists has their own culture of doing things. Organisational culture in the higher institutions influences the quality of students produced by a school and the level of knowledge sharing determines how innovative the students are in their learning. The reason why I am looking into the education sector is that the kind of student produced by a school will determine the kind of employees in the working environment. Graduates are the products being produced by higher institutions. These students are the determinants of the culture existing in an organisation whether strong or weak, and quality of employees we could find in organisations in the future. The stakeholders in the academics have a great impact of change to make on their economy through whichever organisation they find themselves. The culture in every organisation influences the products or services they offer. Innovation is not only restricted to manufacturing firms, service industries and so many other industries but also education sector is there with lot of ideas to consider innovatively. Any organisation where learning and knowledge sharing occurs, there is tendency for them to be innovative. The school should ensure maintaining a strong organisational culture to keep the students and tutors informed and build them to be innovative , creative based on the learning given to them and knowledge sharing   they have gained during their experience as a student. They are able to represent a good image of the school wherever they go and employers can see those quality students who are qualified, being able to perform and deliver value to any organisation they find themselves. Is it all about a strong organisational culture or quality organisational culture? It appears organisational culture has a great influence on the quality of graduates produces by University of Wales, Newport. It is imperative that the culture of an organisation should not only be strong but also be of a good quality that has great values to add to individuals in the organisation. There should be connection between the culture of the organisation and its values. Blanchard, K et al (2008) argued that, Ã¢â‚¬Ë œanytime there is cessation between specified values and the way an organisation function, the ethics displayed are ignored. He also said the genuine culture and values always speak louder than the specified ones.’ In the process of ensuring effective culture in an organisation to achieve success, there is tendency for an organisation to make changes at some point in time, which needs to be managed effectively to make sure it does not affect the individuals in the organisation. It is in the process of these changes that learning and knowledge sharing still continues. It is therefore based on this learning and knowledge that innovative and creative ideas comes up and every organisation try to work towards building good corporate values in order to accelerate innovation, learning, knowledge, and creativity in their organisation. Creativity and innovation is not only for organisation but can also be related to individual people. The tutors and the school top management must try to be innovative and creative in the way they function in University of Wales, Newport in order to materialise the mission of the university. Students are the major stakeholders in the university, therefore, they should be able to deliver good work innovatively, and creatively more than what the tutor has taught them. This can also be linked to the way organisational culture may be stimulated in an organisation through learning, knowledge, creativity, and innovation. Various authors have talked on these and I will build on it by making sure I add to the existing knowledge which is from the perspective of educations and   I will be giving some authors’ works and thought from articles and textbooks to defend my explanation. LITERATURE REVIEW LITERATURE REVIEW: ON MAIN THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK The organisational culture of an organisation is a picture of what and how things are done in the organisation. I have found some major frameworks developed by other authors in the process of my research. The literature review will consider different definitions about organisational culture and its role in the organisation. However, the popular definition of organisational culture is, ‘the way we do things around here.’ Terblanche, F et al (2003) defined organisational culture as, ‘mutual beliefs, and values genuinely placed in an organisation.’ Campeanu-Sonea, E et al (2010) cites the work of Armstrong (2006) that, ‘organisational culture is the form of beliefs, customs, and attitudes that are unlikely to be expressed but structures the mode of people’s behaviour and getting things.’ These standards and assumptions are preserved as people continue to relate with one another in the organisation. Terblanche, F et al (2003) discussed some roles of organisational culture by citing the work of Furnham and Gunter (1993) that, ‘it helps in internal integration such as socialising and commitment of employees’ to the organisation. It also helps create a competitive advantage, understanding the environment and enhance communication and mutual understanding.’ Johnson, G et al (2010 p.168) conferred that, ‘organisational culture contributes to how groups of people respond and behave in relation to what they face.it has an influence on the development and change of organisational strategy.’ I will consider more of these definitions and roles of organisational culture by analysing in details in my literature review. More so, the concept of innovation is very crucial for the success of an organisation. Huczynski and Buchannan(2010) inferred that, ‘innovation is unrestricted to new products and most organisations wants to construct an inventive style to organise, develop new and better working practices, and deliver customers and clients with novel service.’ This definition is limited by not considering why they develop ideas and commit to creative process.   Brychan, T   et al (2011) strongly argues by citing the work of Baregheh et al (2009 p. 10) that innovation is, ‘the multi-stage process whereby organisations transform ideas into new/improved products, services or process in order to advance, compete and differentiate themselves magnificently in their marketplace.’ It appears most organisations makes attempt to be innovative and creative in their activities. When an organisation comes up with ideas, there is need to implement it because without implementation, there cannot be innovation and the innovation will bring about changes to the organisation. Rogers (2003) argued that, ‘innovations is perceived by individuals as one with numerous fundamental benefit, consistent, apparent and less intricate can be easily acknowledged than others.’(Haggman, K.S 2009)   To manage innovation effectively, knowledge is very essential. Henry, J (2001 p.64) conferred that, ‘the moment organisations becomes innovative, they construct fresh knowledge and information, from the inside out, in order to express again both the problems and solutions and reform their environment in the process.’ Furthermore, organisational culture and innovation tends to relate in some ways. Martins and Terblanche (2003) described some key determinants of organisational culture, ‘which are strategy, structure, communication, supporting mechanism, and behaviours that encourage creativity. These determinants rely on and interact with one another.’   There is a strong link between organisation culture and employee’s attitude. Gregory, B et al (2009) argued that, ‘individuals in an organisation use the culture as a determinants for their expected behaviour to decide the kind of behaviour that fits a particular situation.’   Valencia, N et al (2010) argued that, ‘organisational culture is one of the aspects that encourage innovative behaviour among individuals in the organisation.’ Terblanche et al (2003) concluded that, ‘organisational culture affects the degree to which inventive clarifications are stimulated, sustained and realised throug h socialisation process of organisations, individuals learn what behaviour is acceptable and how activities should function.’ It shows it is very vital for an organisation to ensure innovative ideas in whatever type of business they are in and maintain a quality and strong culture. Valencia, N et al(2010) conferred that, ‘to ensure a competitive edge that is sustainable and succeed in the market, innovation is very crucial because firms that are innovative can sustain themselves when the environment is unstable, respond quickly to changes , create novel opportunities and take advantage of existing market to a greater extent than the competition.’ Organisational culture is a facilitating factor for learning to take place in an organisation and every organisation needs to imbibe a learning culture as a basis for openness for innovative ideas. Rebelo and Gomez (2009) concluded that, ‘learning culture concerned with elevation and facilitating of employees learning, sharing, and spreading in order to contribute to the growth and performance of the organisation.’(Rebelo and Gomez, 2011) Different definitions were even given for a learning organisation. King, W (2001)argued that, ‘ a learning organisation is one that focuses on developing and using its information and knowledge capabilities in creating highly valued information and knowledge, to change behaviours and improve final outcome.’   Senge, P (1990) defines a learning organisation to be, ‘an organisation that is escalating its capabilities unceasingly to build its future.’(Graham and Nafukho, 2007) This literature review will be critically assessed comprehensively by the start of my dissertation. LITERATURE ON THE CHOSEN SECTOR The education sector is one of the important sectors in the entire sector in the UK. It is very challenging and has a very significant influence in the career of individuals because people continue to learn and add to their knowledge every day. My sector will be narrowed down to University of Wales, Newport and the Newport Business school and School of art will be coming together in the next session, the reason for this will be researched later. Recently, there has been increase in school fees of home students, which has caused protests from students. Jamila, M et al(2008) argued that, ‘it is imperative for higher institutions to have customer focus in pursuing excellence in education and top management must ensure quality of undergraduates and graduates students by developing professional abilities of individuals involved in the delivery of teaching and learning. More so, cultivate fresh and flexible ways of learning, teaching and assessing, and exploiting new technologies whe never necessary.’   The school fees remains the same in Wales except for Aberystwyth University that has given it   consideration and concluded that only students from other places are going to be paying the  £9000 by September 2012. According to Eddie, B et al in their paper research, there is a vision 2035 with the aim of reducing foreign students and globalise as they realise the students do not get adequate work experience to complement their learning. The students need to study in their home country to be able to benefit their economy and society as a whole. The Higher Education Funding Council in England is also planning for a 10 years vision to increase merged Further Education (FE) and Higher Education (HE) institution as Joint Corporation. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 5.1. Research Paradigms: In order to achieve my aims and objectives, the research paradigms that will be used is positivism because it will test hypothesis and it will help me to show I have achieved validity and reliability. More so, this research will focus on facts from the respondents. It would give me the chance to consult different students from different departments and backgrounds. This will also help me to develop ideas through induction from data collected. 5.2. Research Approach: The approach taken to this research is a quantitative research, as it will help analyses of measurement within data. The research approach will be carried out by conducting a primary research that involves collecting original data from management that makes decision and plan for the running of the university. The secondary data will be gathered from information that will be useful for critical arguments in the literature review and help to explore different authors’ opinion and arguments. Secondary data would be collected from proper journals, refereed articles, textbooks, and official reports from departments/international organisation. 5.3. Research method: The Research Methods to be used in carrying out this research is a questionnaire and observation. With my experience in the University, I have observed a lot but more will still need to be done to carry out a successful work. Bryman and Bell (2011) concluded that, ‘it is possible to record incidents, observe, and record for a short period of time at some intervals or for a long period of time.’ However, the questionnaires will be administered to students in order to test hypothesis because it allows anonymity and can be much clarified but it takes long to analyse.   The questionnaire will be self-administered after considering necessary ethical issues. 5.4. The sampling criteria are targeted towards students from different background, age group, course, and discipline. The reason for choosing student is to gather their opinions about how the culture of the university influences their performance and if in any way makes them to be innovative in their learning or keep to the same mode of doing things. It will also enable me to know whether the culture of this university influences them positively or someway negatively.   The sample size will be 50 students to ensure my research will be realistic, as it will give me better opportunity to know the extent to which students will agree with some issues in the university, as they are the key determinants for the existence of this university.   This would help draw on the existing data to get information from respondents to justify the literature review. METHODS OF ANALYSISNG PRIMARY DATA Since a quantitative method would be used to carry out my research, the data collected will be analysed using a SPSS. The relationship in my questions will determine whether to use univariate, bivariate or multivariate analysis. I intend to undertake more readings to ensure a well-presented analysis is carried out.   I will research more to know the better options to do a quality and effective analysis. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS The identity of my respondents will be kept confidential as they would want to be sincere about their opinions and might not want their names to be disclosed. I will ensure I protect their privacy as I know the research will give people the chance to give their honest opinions about the school whether the university is really building organisational culture that stimulates innovation through their students or not. I will ensure I get the consent of people before giving the questionnaire out to them and ensure I do not disclose the name of the respondents. I will ensure I use people’s data to support my dissertation with their consent. I will also ensure good behaviour even when some people failed to accept to fill the questionnaire or fail to turn up for the appointed time. The location to be chosen for filling questionnaires will be a suitable and comfortable place with adequate safety because without them, there cannot be a successful dissertation. REFERENCES BLANCHARD, K et al. 2008. Who Killed Change? Solving the problem of leading people through change. London: HarperCollins Publishers BRYMAN, A., and BELL, E. 2011. Business Research Methods. 3rd edn. United States: Oxford University Press. BUCHANNAN, D.A and HUCZYNSKI, A.A. 2010.   Organisational Behaviour.   7thedn. Harlow: Pearson Educational Limited. CAMPEANU-SONEA, E. et al. 2010. Organisational culture in a transitional economy. Employee Relations. 32(3). pp. 328-344 EDDIE, BLASS et al. (PAPER RESEARCH). VISIONING 2035: THE FUTURE OF THE HIGHER EDUCATION SECTOR IN THE UK. [WWW] Error! Hyperlink reference not valid.. (15 June 2011) HAGGMAN, K. S. 2009. Functional actions and perceptions of innovation attributes: Influence on innovation adoption. European Journal of Innovation Management. 12(3). Pp. 386-407 HENRY, J. 2001. Creative Management. 2nd edn. London: Sage Publications GRAHAM, M. C. and NAFUKHO. M. F. 2007. Employees perception toward the dimension of culture in enhancing organizational learning. The Learning Organisation. 14(3). Pp. 281-292 GREGORY, T. B. et al. 2009. Organizational culture and effectiveness: A study of values, attitudes, and organizational outcomes. Journal of Business Research. 62(7). Pp. 673-679. JAMILA, M et al. 2008. The role of organisational culture in stimulating creativity and innovation among engineering students. Conference paper. 05-December 2008. P 269- 276 JOHNSON, G. et al. 2011.   . Exploring Strategy. 9th edn   Harlow: Pearson Education Limited TERBLANCHE, F and MARTINS, E.C. 2003. Building organisational culture that stimulates. European journals of Innovation Management.   6(1). Pp. 64-74 BRYCHAN, T. et al. 2011. INNOVATION AND SMALL BUSINESS- VOLUME 1. [Online book] http://bookboon.com/uk/textbooks/economics/innovation-and-small-business-volume-1. Cardiff: VENTUS PUBLISHING. (04 May 2011) REBELO, M and GOMES, D. 2011. Conditioning factors of an organisational learning culture. Journal of Workplace Learning. 23(3). Pp. 173-194. Valencia, N. J. et al. 2010. Organisational culture as determinants of product innovation. European Journal of Innovation Management. 13(4). Pp. 466-480

Definition and Examples of Hidden Verbs in English

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American religious education, as a kind of spiritual support, has been playing a supportive role in Americans outlook on life, the realization of life value, the shaping of personality, ethic concepts and national spirit. Its important role is manifested in the economic and political fields. (MENG Xianxia/Cross-cultural Communication Vol. No. 2 1001, p. 231) Religion influence many aspects of day to day issues such as life choices, dress, and education. As shown in the article, Religious Experience and Progressive Education, published in the American Educational History Journal by Jared R. Stallones, A recent survey by the Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life revealed that fully eighty-four percent of Americans identify themselves as adherents ofa specific religion. Eighty-eight percent are absolutely or fairly certain of the existence of God or a universal spirit, including fifteen percent of self-identified atheists. Eighty-two percent of the population considers religion to be very or somewhat important in their lives, and seventy-five percent of Americans, including ten percent of atheists, prayed at least once per week. (p33) This demonstrates how religion is an important entity in the daily lives of many. This is because religions deal with the human life as a whole. For centuries people have searched for the meaning and truth of their own nature and the nature of the universe, religions are the result. We view religions as communities of people who share practices and beliefs, who gather together in special buildings to worship, and ho have a special way of living. More than three-quarters of the worlds population consider themselves members of some kind of religion. Religion influences almost all aspects of human life. It may have influence in education, marriage, work, and even food. ) The United States was founded on the principles of religion, the citizens of this country can practice whatever religion they like without being persecuted. The liberties provided under the Constitution allow individuals to practice their religious beliets openly and without Judgment. These beliets provide guidance and structure in the lives of these individuals. After the founding of the United States, although the Constitution clearly regulates secularism, rel igions in America are always closely intertwined with the process of American history, and play a huge impact on the political, economic, legal and cultural fields. American sociologist Richard Newhouse said, A basic fact about the United States is that Americans themselves claim that most of them are Christian and the moral foundations of American society are Jewish-Christian morality Just as non-Christian believe. (Zhang, 2007, p. 13) (MENG Xianxia/Cross-cultural Communication Vol. 7. No. 2, 2011). There are thousands of religions and thousand more subdivisions of those. Religions are divided mainly into ancient and modern religions. Not to say that the modern religions Just originated in the past couple years, Just they are still practiced in present times. Some of the ancient religions include Egyptian, Zoroastria, Greek, Norse, and Celtic. (Source and Cite) 3) People have been shunned, ostracized, sacrificed, and killed because of their religious beliefs. These acts take place because individuals have different views. There are several examples from different parts of the world to prove how idespread the problem is. American society is a blend of secularized and religious elements. Anderson (2004) noted that these two elements have always posed a dilemma for public education. The struggle is how to accommodate both of these societal characteristics. He pointed out that the secular nature of American public culture and its underlying pluralistic character are important aspects of the context for our system of education. The role of religion in public education is not limited to America alone. There are several examples from different parts of the world to prove how widespread the problem is. Thomas (2006) reported a case in France in which a Muslim girl was expelled for wearing a traditional Islamic headscarf. The President supported the move saying that religion should not be permitted in public schools. Islamic leaders protested that the ban was prejudicial, singling out Muslims for discriminatory practices. Hinsliff (2004) reported an interesting controversy in which Christian evangelists in England wanted to have the strengthening of faith teaching in schools. They dropped the idea when 4) Families are the core of all societies and the religious choices of each family will affect society as a whole. The religious choices of a family will influence an individuals decisions that will in turn affect society as a whole. What in individual puts out into society will come back as their decision and actions affect society as a whole. Religion is an important entity in the lives of many. According to the International Religious Freedom Act of 1998, Religious freedom includes the right to assemble for private and public worship, determine the conditions of membership, give religious instructions, preach its message publicly, and publish and circulate religious material (International Religious Freedom, Sec. (3) Article 18). The United States is one of the nations with most fantastic religious background, and in reality religion and religious education permeates all aspects of American life. Religion lies in American family education, school education, political activities and social life, playing a role that cannot be ignored. (MENG Abstract p. l) Conclusion: Although religion has been and is a heated topic at times and since the beginning of mankind, we cannot deny the fact, the influence it has had in educational institutions through the development of all civilizations, I teel that this is a great thing. ou will not get very tar into any educational issues without somehow bumping into religious themes. Marty goes on to explains in Christianity and its legacy in education that We Americans are taught to think of American society as a secular one in which religion does not count for much, and our educational system is organized in such a way that religious concerns often receive little attention. But if you think for a moment, you may realize that a better question is, where does religion not come into all this? (Burke and Segal p. 631). To have religion thwarting together with education is what gives us history. It is what takes us to the next point in life. It gives us guidance and even sometimes warnings. As a young boy that has been brought up in the ministry and to see how religion has played a key role in my life and education applaud this. It is known that religion and education has been around for thousands of years and I believe it will continue for many more. From teaching your grandson to assemble a tomahawk to worshipping the Greek god of war, people show religion and education in many different ways. As, David P. Setran referenced in the Teachers College Record article More Religion in Education and More Education in Religion: Liberal Progressivism and the Educational Common Faith, 1917-1940, The Kingdom of God proved to be a powerful image of the ideal democracy and a powerful representation of religion and education working together to build a better world. It is recommended that future scholars continue to look in other parts of the country and among other individuals to trace these powerful cooperative relation, thus restoring the place of religion as an important source and ally of progressive education. (p. l, abstract) (Teachers College Record, vl 14 nl 2012. 29pp. Religion and education have been wedded in western culture for as long as schools have existed, and as long as religious diversity and democratic decision-making endure in American society, then struggles between and about religion and education will continue in American schools (Religious Experience and Progressive Education, published in the American Educational History Journal by Jared R. Stallones, p33. ) Religion and education has been around for thousands of years and it will continue for many more.

Cheating and Plagiarism: Academic Dishonesty

Cheating and Plagiarism: Academic Dishonesty Cheating and plagiarism have always been a problem in the society. Especially academics dishonestly have risen in favor of fashion. Universities continue develop honor code to stop cheating from happening, also cheaters come up with new technical to cheat. Nowadays, cell phones have supported students to cheat and websites serve unethical solutions to assignments. What is academic integrity? â€Å"Academic integrity means honesty and responsibility in scholarship. Students and faculty alike must obey rules of honest scholarship, which means that all academic work should result from an individuals own efforts. Intellectual contributions from others must be consistently and responsibly acknowledged. Academic work completed in any other way is fraudulent† ( ). Academic dishonesty occurs usually in many forms: cheating, recycling, fabrication, unauthorized collaboration and plagiarism. These may be accomplished by submitting someone’s work acting as own work, or using unauthorized sources that not allow in exams or assignments. It is important that students should become familiar with what is academic dishonesty and how to avoid it. Cheating is one of the high level academic dishonesty forms. These actions are considered cheating: using unauthorized sources on tests, copying from other students’ assignments or allowing your work to be copy, stealing assignments, test, or projects before tests, or using electronic device when taking tests. Fabrication is just making things up. According to Penn university academic integrity, fabrication is manufacturing sources, information, quotes, or anything else has no place in articles or papers based on analysis, reporting, or a research. Submitting own work which has been graded and submitting again for another courses called recycling. But some instructors may allow using as long as students did themselves, students must not assume that it’s acceptable process. If student want to reuse a same assignment discuss with professor. If professor give permission to use it than revise assignment and check sources and citation, or not using it at all. Unauthorized collaboration is working with partner without permission of instructor and submitted for a grade. In computer science class, students are allowed to discuss projects concepts, but code has to be their own. If students work together and submitted same code separately than it will consider as plagiarism. They have to create their own code if a concept is same that’s fine. Example of cheating, Mia was a student at University of Minnesota. In 2013, she moved Twin cities from another county. It is hard for her to fit in Twin cities because of understand the language, and make new friends. Sometimes it is difficult to do assignments and concentrate on all her classes. Fall 2013, she is taking a biology class. She thought it would be doable class but it turn out pretty tough. Mia studied as hard as she could for the class work and testes. In one of the tests, the answers are to be marked in scantram by blacking out lettered circles on a scantram. The test covered the topics that she didn’t study. She tried her best to finish the test and then hands in. she come back to her desk and await the end of class. Other students are still working on the test. Mark was one of them, he seems to have no problem with the test and he is taking his time to do finish the test. Mia is still waiting for the class to end but between than she saw mark scantram and ther e are many answers different than her. So she trust on mark answers and ask professor for her scantram back, saying that she did not correctly put her student ID number. Professor hand it back scantram, she quickly erases and changes some answers that she saw on Mark’s scantram and turn it back in. Sometime later, the instructor informs her that the proctor saw her change her answers beside student ID number. She is going to be given an â€Å"F† for the test and for the course ( ). Mia has trouble with English isn’t excuse for copying answers from another student. If she having difficulty to catch up with class than she should talk with instructor, or approach another students, or get help from Teacher Assistant. This is clear case of cheating because Mia copied answers from Mark. Mia could ask for extra time to study for the test, or asked about what kind of questions were going to be on the test so she could focus on studies. If we looking from Mia point of view than she is from another country that she probably don’t know the rules or help are available for her. Stress is not considered justifying circumstance, but failure might be. Example of plagiarism, John is undergraduate subject coordinator on intro to programming. The projects require students to submit code with design, implement, and test and debug programs using C++ language (programming language). John knows that students can get code from internet, friends or buy from websites rather than create own code. So he creates an assignment to reduce the opportunities to copy from internet and not doing their work. It is important to that projects will help to build the basic knowledge of programming. Amy was one of John’s colleagues; she asks if she can test her shared code on john’s student assignments john agrees. John thinks his students did their assignments their own, but Amy’s program find 15% of the students copied code from classmates. Sometime, programming assignments have certain common ways to solve the problem. So that didn’t mean that they copied from each other or get from internet because at the beginning level class they don’t have enough knowledge about the ways that they can approach the same solution. But it didn’t mean that students didn’t copied form internet or other students. It’s all depend how accurate Amy program is, if program just looking same character that found in the students assignment than their might chance that students copied, but if programming testing on the algorithms than it’s all depend on the requirements of the assignment. Because if professor assign that student have to includes technique than sure it will be large number will display. There are some situation it’s hard to decide that students done Academic Integrity violations. For example, Kali and Lucy are international students form Narnia and in the same science class. Lucy understands English better than Kali. Lucy works hard to improve Kali’s English vocabulary. Kali tries her best to improve her English, but she is having a hard time accommodating the information because she isn’t sleeping well or eating. During exam, Kali is having trouble understanding what questions are asking for therefore she doesn’t know what to write for the answer. She scared that she’ll fail the class. Kali starts asking Lucy what to do. The TA notices that Kali and Lucy are talking in Narnian and he asks them what they are talking about. So Lucy explain than Kali doesn’t understands what question asking for so she just translating the questions for Kali. The TA asks them not to talk and if Kali has question then she should bring it to him. Kali want to him and TA explain to her but she still didn’t understand what the questions asking for. So she went back to her seat and starts to panic. Few minutes later, they both start talking in Narnian. TA tells them to stop talking, but TA knows Lucy is a smart student but thinks that Lucy might just translate the question but he isn’t sure. So he decides to report to the professor. Lucy risked her grade by not doing as the TA said. Both could get failing grades on the exam. It would have been better if Lucy had talked to the professor about Kali’s problems about understanding English. The professor might suggest to take ESL classes to improve Kali’s English and make new friends or might able to accommodate Kali’s needs better if he had know there was a problem. The professor might give one change to both to re-take exam, if possible with a Narnian translator for Kali to test her knowledge. Because it is a very tough situation that there is change that Lucy might just translate questions to Kali and not gave any answers. So that would be unfair for her to define as academic dishonesty. References http://www.library.illinois.edu/learn/research/academicintegrity.html cheating example http://tutorials.istudy.psu.edu/academicintegrity/academicintegrity_print.html

Genophilosophy Essay -- Philosophy Philosophical Essays

Genophilosophy ABSTRACT: Contemporary progress in life sciences, particularly in genetic engineering, is changing our concept of "human being" and a whole series of other philosophical and common notions. The conventional idea of "subject" will no longer be the final reference for philosophical thinking, since even the subject qua biological or psychological structure will enjoy a high degree of unpredictability. The results of gene technology require reinterpreting such concepts as reproduction, individuality, history, freedom and subjectivity. This paper focuses on the question of freedom, where freedom means the capacity to deliberate and choose between different alternatives of action. We hold that the issue of freedom is relevant for genetics. Considering that genes can "decide" between alternatives, it is possible to speak about the freedom of genes, at least in a metaphoric sense. It has been suggested that genes are "more free" than human beings because they encoded us. The human genome pro gram thus helps us to understand what kind of structures human beings are dependent upon. The main question that we address in this paper concerns the entire human genome project and all its implications including the functions and effects of each gene, the possibility of technological manipulation, what kind of freedom, history, and "human being" will eventually "survive." Recent developments in molecular biology and genetic engineering are going to change our human being concept and a whole series of other philosophical and common notions, such as "knowledge", "subject", "self", "history", "past", "science", "ethics", etc. The traditional idea of "subject" won't be any more the only final reference of philosophical thinking, si... ...philosophy ? a higher speed mutant of ancient type philosophy ? should prevail with a main task to investigate and understand the consequences of these new technologies and to represent it in scientific, social and ethical debates. Similar to when Kant urged philosophers in the eighteenth century to turn towards humans, now there is a need to turn towards genes. In continuous dialogs and partnerships with life scientists and politicians, philosophers have to develop new merits of freedom, person and evolution and to investigate the possible ways of improving human life on earth. We have to remember on the pragmatic adage, if philosophy and science lack social fruits in the long run, then it does not deserve the attention of the society. On the other hand, if the science and society do not open up for philosophical deliberations, it can have monstrous consequences.

Meat and Maggots

This week we were asked to attempt a scientific experiment, I attempted to observe 2 jars, in each Jar I put a piece of meat. On one of the Jars I placed a stopper and on the other I left it open so that the air can get to the meat. I then watched for 3 days to see what happens.The question that I was trying to find out is do flys contribute to maggots forming on meat, if meat is exposed to the air and not covered do maggots develop? As I watched the meat I found that the meat that is exposed to the ir has been in contact with flies and maggots are forming in the meat. The meat that has been covered is still rotting because of the temp in the room but it is not forming maggots.What I think has happened is that as the flys come In contact with the meat they cause the maggots for form In the meat. After the meat was out for 3 days the experiment showed that the meat that was exposed to the flys and to the air has maggots. The conclusion is that If meat Is uncovered and exposed to the a lr and has been In contact with flys that It developed maggots which concludes that the flys laid eggs on the rotting meat and caused the maggots. Meat and Maggots This week we were asked to attempt a scientific experiment, I attempted to observe 2 jars, in each jar I put a piece of meat. On one of the jars I placed a stopper and on the other I left it open so that the air can get to the meat. I then watched for 3 days to see what happens. The question that I was trying to find out is do fly’s contribute to maggots forming on meat, if meat is exposed to the air and not covered do maggots develop? As I watched the meat I found that the meat that is exposed to the air has been in contact with flies and maggots are forming in the meat.The meat that has been covered is still rotting because of the temp in the room but it is not forming maggots. What I think has happened is that as the fly’s come in contact with the meat they cause the maggots for form in the meat. After the meat was out for 3 days the experiment showed that the meat that was exposed to the fly’s and to the air has maggots. The conclusion is that if meat is unco vered and exposed to the air and has been in contact with fly’s that it developed maggots which concludes that the fly’s laid eggs on the rotting meat and caused the maggots.

Jean-Paul Sartre Essay

As we grow and become an adult that is able to form our own opinion is almost like a rite of passage because reading over the six steps almost seems like I have been a part of each step at some point in my life. When I was growing up I think relating to Stage 1: The Punishment and Obedience Orientation was definitely part of my life. Of course we don’t want to get in trouble as kids so generally we recognize that the authority will provide a severe enough punishment that will stop us from doing whatever we did again. I put myself at Stage 4: The â€Å"Law and Order† Orientation. Before I returned to college I wanted to join the San Antonio Police Department and I almost made it. I was excused from the application process at the third stage of the process because of 1 question. I have been in favor of law enforcement for probably 10+ years. I also believe my military past supports the argument of placing me at this stage. I also believe Stage 4: The â€Å"Law and Order† Orientation best describes me because it is essentially how I have lived my life the previous 10+ years. From joining the military to trying out for the SAPD I recognize there are procedures and guidelines established to keep the world and our country a safe place to live. Of course there are people that try the law and want to stretch it to the brink and this goes both for criminals and politicians that use laws and loopholes for personal gain. Providing support for my decision is simple. I have a tendency to instantly report or confront someone that is breaking or stretching the law. I have confronted three people living at my townhome complex about dogs being off of leashes while being outside. It is against complex policy and I have reported all three individuals simply because I feel like this is my neighborhood and when kids are outside playing I will always assume a dog is aggressive because terrible things do happen. I have a german shepherd that is never off the leash unless inside the dog park fence. Cleaning up after the animal is also our responsibility because diseases can be spread through an animal’s waste. That is also something I have confronted tenants about and reported them for. Krishna’s advice is all about standing by your upbringing. I take it to mean that you must always follow your path regardless of the outcome or consequences. Therefore, Arjuna is a warrior at war, because of this he must always fight when directed to fight regardless of the consequences. I’m not completely sure how you compare or relate Krishna’s advice to care ethics because to me care ethics is not shown even in the slightest by Krishna. For me to say I would definitely fight the war would be wrong. For me to say that I would definitely withdraw would be wrong. Frankly, I have no clue how I would act or what I would do on the battlefield. I have been deployed and stationed in warzones but I had no relations or ties to the people we are at war with. Arjuna has friends and family standing on the same battlefield that may die during this conflict. This is not a factor I had to consider when being deployed. So, for me to say that I would fight or would not fight is not an answer I can straight up provide because I have never and will probably never be faced with that situation. Ethically, I don’t think I gave an answer that can be analyzed like it should be. I think that providing a run around answer may be a slight display of selfishness. I say that because I don’t know how to answer a question that involves going to war with family. I can say that if family is not included on the opposing side I would do what my country asked of me and go fight. In order to give a definite response to whether I could fight against family and friends I would have to be put in that situation. There are also consequences to not fighting when your country requests that you go to war. So, the consequences would also be going through my mind at judgment time. A virtue can be argued that the virtue is that person. For example I hold a virtue of cleanliness and honestly something that is out of place or something that is an eye sore will irritate me to the point of fixing the mess. Almost every day at work I notice something out of place such as a wrapper on the floor or stain on someone’s desk. These examples bother me to the point of needing to resolve the problem. I believe a virtue can guide a person through their day-to-day life just like possessing morals. A strongly valued virtue is just as evident as someone with strong morals. Morals just like virtues can be practiced every day. However, we must practice virtuous acts regularly. After a while, these acts will become a habit and so the virtuous acts part of our everyday life and the person will be leading a life guided by his virtues. People who practice their virtues improve their skills and therefore become happier. According to Aristotle the person who struggles to acquire virtues is in the long run a better person and is much happier because of the extra hard work it took to acquire the virtue. By continuously practicing your respective virtues people will soon be acting in the right way based on the virtue the person is trying to master. I do not believe people are exclusively good or bad, but become good or bad according to their habits they develop throughout their lives. When a person learns how to use the virtues they become the characteristic of the person. A person who has learnt the virtue of generosity is often called a generous person because he or she acts in a manner that displays generosity in all situations. People are more likely to acquire virtues by observing others in our society. If we experience other people being kind to us and see the happiness it creates we are more likely to practice this virtue then if we were just told to practice it. Programs like Big Brothers Big Sisters help influence the younger generations so that they follow in the correct footsteps. Our virtues guide us to be the person we are and the person we ultimately want to be. Being virtuous can alter for the good, and the bad, a moral problem we may face throughout our lives. John Calvin’s work focused on individuals and how the individual could do nothing to ensure their own salvation. John Calvin’s line of thinking more closely relates to determinism. John relates to determinism because his theory is all about people not being able to freely guide their own salvation. Isaac Newton focused on nature and that the entire universe is governed by natural laws and because of this there is no freedom. Isaac Newton’s line of thinking more closely relates to determinism. If the universe is governed by natural laws then the ability to be free cannot exist. Also the fact that human beings are physical in nature makes people susceptible to natural law and therefore freedom is an illusion. Charles Darwin was a big believer in evolution and that everything evolves at different stages and only the fittest survive. Charles Darwin’s line of thinking more closely relates to determinism. I believe determinism is present because nature causes the evolution based on defined parameters. This theory provokes survival which is triggered by something else such as a weakness that evolution fixes. Karl Marx believed more about social character and how our actions are determined based on the economy and socially determined. Karl Marx’s line of thinking more closely relates to determinism. This theory identifies a cause such as economic struggle being the reason for a person’s situation. Everything is based on social classes and your class is determined at birth. Sigmund Freud explains that people are determined, even the unborn because of our unconscious minds. Sigmund Freud’s line of thinking more closely relates to determinism. I say determinism because a life is extremely influenced by their parents so the ability to freely make choices does not exist. A choice is more often the result of someone else’s influence. Lastly, Jean Paul Sartre to me is more of a realist because he discusses that people are born in to a situation and sometimes are unable to help their situation and social status. However, Jean Paul Sartre also believes people have a capacity to alter how they live. Jean Paul Sartre’s line of thinking more closely relates to freedom. After reading all these theories, I feel like Jean Paul Sartre’s theory is really the only theory that allows freedom of choices. Human beings from birth are placed in a class, but based on this theory all people have the ability to change their class or status. I believe justice is hard to pin-point because justice can be displayed in both ethically and unethically. Reliving an assignment I completed earlier talked about torture and whether or not I thought it was justified. I believe torture can stand on the same line as justice. However, I can also understand the opposite side saying torture is unethical no matter what form or fashion it is conducted. The elements of justice are open to interpretation and the consequence of justice is arguable. When implementing a form of justice there are always consequences to those actions. In order to fully understand the justice form you need to identify all angles of the decision. This is where the decision making becomes tricky because most people like to make a decision and run with it. However, you should always take a step back and weigh every possible decision and its outcome before implementing a decision. To better understand how a consequentialist works I will provide an example. For instance, if John Doe thought to himself one day that he was going to rob a bank he would most likely make a plan. First, John would try to decide if robbing the bank would even be worth it. Then John would scrutinize every aspect of the plan to ensure the best possible positive outcome. John would also attempt to predict the consequences of robbing the bank and failing because a consequentialist brings everything in to consideration. It is easy to identify the differences of right and wrong because everyone innately knows what is right and what is wrong. All human beings also have the ability to identify the consequence to our actions. Unfortunately people most generally act without thinking and therefore find themselves sitting on the wrong side of the law. This is when people find out how justice actually works.